art - realism

Realism

Realism is a therm of something which is like really happening. It is something without rules of formal arthistic theory.
The first work began to be approved in the 18th centuary with a reaction of romanticism and Neoclassicism.  It represent life happens around you. But the greatest realist artists were in the 19th centuary. In France it inspired people like Camille Carot and Jean-Francois. Their works consists of typically portrayed ordinary, or working-class, people, as opposed to heroic, historic, biblical, or royal figures. Artists also painted scenes of traditional life, such as rural landscapes with farmers herding oxen or harvesting grain. 
During the hellenistic era, in accient greeece sculptors began sculpture people as they realy appeared. Before people were portrayed as the ideal human form in Greek syle. The flat, formal, and stylized art that was popular in these days had been moved to the realist movement during the middle ages.

Gustave Courbet ( 1819-1877)

As he also said, Gustave Courbet was the most proud and the most arrogant man in France.He created a sensation at the Paris Salon of 1850-1851 when he exhibite a group of his paintings in his native Ornans, a village which is in the east of France.These works have included in them The stone breakers and A burial at omans, these paintings have their scenes of daily life to have reallistic style.

Madame Auguste Cuoq (Mathilde Desportes, 1827–1910), ca. 1852–57 Gustave Courbet (French, 1819–1877) Oil on canvas; 69 1/2 x 42 1/2 in. (176.5 x 108 cm) H. O. Havemeyer Collection, Bequest of Mrs. H. O. Havemeyer, 1929 (29.100.130)

Woman with a Parrot, 1866
Gustave Courbet (French, 1819–1877)
Oil on canvas; 51 x 77 in. (129.5 x 195.6 cm)
Signed and dated (lower left): .66 / Gustave.Courbet.
H. O. Havemeyer Collection, Bequest of Mrs. H. O. Havemeyer, 1929 (29.100.57)

After the Hunt, ca. 1859

Gustave Courbet (French, 1819–1877)

Oil on canvas; 93 x 73 1/4 in. (236.2 x 186.1 cm)

H. O. Havemeyer Collection, Bequest of Mrs. H. O. Havemeyer, 1929 (29.100.61)

Bibliography

19 th centuary- French realism  [online] available at :< http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/rlsm/hd_rlsm.htm> [accessed 1 March 2015]

Gustave Courbet- Biography [Online] available at :< http://www.britannica.com/biography/Gustave-Courbet> accessed 1 March 2015

design

The industrial revolution

 The industrial revolution is the period when changes occurred in agriculture, textile and metal manufacture, transportation, economic policies and social structure in England. It is a process that involved machinery products from an agrarian handicraft economy. It started in England in the 18th century and then it spreads to Western Europe and North America. Before, in the late 1700s manufacturing was done with simple tools at home. This lead to a technological change. This was the most important event for people in history. Some technological changes are like the use of new materials (iron and steel), the steam engine, electricity, petroleum, new machines like the spinning jenny and many other things. Textiles became better in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested; the textile industry was also the first to use the proction modern methods. All of these things help us to make more products in mass produced, with less time.

 Steam engines

 This was one of the greatest inventions which come during the industrial revolution. The first one was operated in 1698. In 1712 it was then improved by Thomas Newcommen, although the engine was improved, it had many faults; mostly that it had waste of fuel and heat. Then it was improved by James Watt by use of heat more efficiently and also with less fuel. The power of this engine was coal. Coal was also used to make iron. Then iron was used to improve the material of the tools and machines and also to make ships.

Bibliography

Industrial Revolution Research, Industrial Revolution – overview [Online] Available at :< http://www.industrialrevolutionresearch.com/ > [acessed 28 February 2015]

Industrial Revolution | Britannica [Online] available at :< http://www.britannica.com/event/Industrial-Revolution> [accessed 28 February 2015]